• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Headlight (1) for a vehicle, with at least one light source (2), a primary optics (3) for generating a light image and an imaging optics (4), wherein by means of the imaging optics (4) the light image is projected as a light image on the street, the A primary optic (3) has a multiplicity of light guide elements (5) and a carrier layer (6), wherein the light guide elements (5) are arranged on a rear side (6r) of the carrier layer (6) and on a front side (6v) of the carrier layer (6 ) the light image can be generated, the light guide elements (5) adjacent to each other or overlapping in a row in an axial direction (y) are arranged and at least one line (7) form, each light guide element (5) has a light entrance surface (5e) for coupling light comprising at least one light source (2), and a light exit surface (5a) for coupling out light, the entirety of the light guide elements (5) being the at least one light source n row (7) has a common border (8) which is continuously curved on at least one substantially along the axial direction (y) oriented side and with the carrier layer (6) forms an intersection curve with a curved curve (9, 10).
    公开号:AT518090A1
    申请号:T51088/2015
    申请日:2015-12-21
    公开日:2017-07-15
    发明作者:Taudt Lukas；Krenn Irmgard；Plank Josef
    申请人:Zkw Group Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Headlight for a vehicle
    The invention relates to a headlamp for a vehicle, with at least one light source, a primary optics for generating a light image and an imaging optics, by means of the imaging optics, the light image is projected as a light image on the street, the primary optics a plurality of light guide elements and a support layer has, wherein the light guide elements are arranged on a rear side of the carrier layer, and the light guide elements are arranged adjacently or overlapping in a row in an axial direction next to one another and form at least one line, wherein each light guide element has a light entry surface for Coupling of light from at least one light source, as well as a light exit surface for coupling out of light.
    In the development of the current headlamp systems is increasingly the desire in the foreground to project a high-resolution as possible on the road surface, which can be quickly changed and adapted to the respective traffic, road and lighting conditions. The term "road surface" is used here for a simplified representation, because of course it depends on the local conditions, whether a photo is actually on the roadway or extends beyond it.In principle, the photograph in the sense used corresponds to a projection on a vertical surface in accordance with the relevant standards relating to automotive lighting technology.
    In order to meet this stated need, among other things, headlights have been developed which form a luminous matrix from a plurality of individual radiators. Such lighting devices, which are also referred to as "pixel light", are common in the automotive industry and serve, for example, the imaging of glare-free high beam by the light is usually emitted by a plurality of light sources and by a corresponding plurality of juxtaposed light guides (Vorsatzoptik / The light guides have a relatively small, funnel-shaped cross-section and therefore emit the light of the individual light sources assigned to them very concentrated in the emission direction
    Light guides guide the light from the light sources to a position that is as close as possible to a spatially curved plane, the Petzval plane of the upstream imaging optics.
    Pixel spotlights are very flexible in terms of light distribution because for each pixel, i. For each light guide, the illumination intensity can be controlled individually and any light distribution can be realized, such as a low beam light distribution, a cornering light distribution, a city light distribution, a motorway light distribution, a cornering light distribution or a high beam light distribution.
    The AT 513 738 Bl describes headlight systems of the applicant, which project the light of a large number of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) via projection systems with single lenses as a light image on the road, the brightness of the individual LEDs, which are controlled by a central processing unit, set individually or can be changed.
    In addition to the variable illuminance, the geometry of the light guide elements can be used to influence light images.
    DE 10 412 213 845 A1 discloses a lighting device which, in the case of vehicle headlights with primary optics, designs its light guiding elements in such a way that the intensity in the longitudinal direction of the exit surface is varied. It is assumed that in each case similar light guide elements within a primary optics.
    The number of light sources within the luminous matrix of a headlight determines the resolution of the light image and the level of detail with which within a light distribution areas can either be selectively hidden or irradiated stronger or weaker. For example, oncoming vehicles may be intentionally hidden in order not to dazzle them or selectively illuminate traffic signs to increase their readability. In principle, within a light distribution, a higher resolution is usually needed in the region of the center of the light distribution, ie in front of the vehicle, than at the edge of the light distribution, i. beside the road. Thus, the number of light sources often decreases
    Center out to the edge, down. At the same time, the intensity maximum of the light distribution is usually pronounced in the middle of the light distribution, and decreases towards the edge. This results, for example, in an enlargement of the light exit surfaces, starting from the center of a row of illumination up to the edge, in order to take account of this desired reduction in brightness.
    The entire projection arrangement consists of light source, primary optics and imaging optics (projection lens). The imaging optics can lead to distortion depending on the design. The distortion is a geometric aberration of optical systems, which leads to a local change of the magnification. The scale change is based on a change in magnification with increasing distance of the pixel from the optical axis. The distortion is therefore rotationally symmetric about a point, which is also called distortion center. The cause of the distortion is due to apertures that narrow the beam of the image in front of or behind the main plane of an optical system with aperture error. If the magnification increases to the edges of the image field, then a square is recorded as a pillow. In the opposite case one speaks of barrel distortion. Higher-order distortions can also occur, and the superposition of different orders can lead to a wave-shaped image of straight lines ("wavy distortion").
    Distortions are manifested in the light image of a headlamp due to undesired curvatures or illumination of areas which fall outside the illumination ranges permitted by road traffic, e.g. above the cut-off line.
    The degree of distortion is known according to DIN ISO 9039: Optics and Photonics - Quality Assessment of Optical Systems - Determination of Distortion (ISO 9039: 2008).
    AT 511 760 A1 discloses the selective trimming of the light image by means of an additional diaphragm in order to cut off the pincushion distortion occurring due to the imaging optics. Apertures, however, destroy consuming light, thus reducing the efficiency of the headlamp and form another component in the headlamp, which additionally causes costs in production and also requires space in the headlamp. Another disadvantage with the use of diaphragms is the induced diffraction and its dependence on the wavelength.
    In the presently known, above-mentioned lighting devices of the applicant, a two-dimensional row-shaped arrangement of the light sources, typically LEDs, is used to produce a segmented low beam and high beam distribution. Often, in the central area, the light exit surfaces of the light guide elements are kept smaller than at the edge.
    An object of the present invention is to inexpensively minimize the occurrence of the spurious distortion described above without compromising the efficiency of the optical system.
    This object is achieved with a lighting device of the type mentioned above in that the entirety of the light guide elements of the at least one row has a common border, which is continuously curved on at least one substantially oriented along the axial direction side and with the support layer an intersection curve with a curved Curve course forms.
    Thanks to the invention can be dispensed with by a technically simple and cost-saving measure, for example, the use of upstream aperture, since both the light from the light source to Petzval plane of the imaging optics, as well as the desired compensation of the distortion caused by the imaging optics, in the same component - namely the primary optics - is performed. The efficiency of the headlamp is also not affected.
    The primary optics thus includes both the function of a light guide and that of a distortion reduction and is implemented in the design phase within the same component. The primary optic is preferably manufactured as a silicone injection-molded part. This component is preferably mechanically soft and is held by another support structure in the form and position, which usually corresponds to a negative of the light element made of a hard material. Both luminous element and support structure can be easily and inexpensively produced by injection molding.
    Another advantage of the invention is that the desired minimization of distortion is achieved by using predistortion in a broad band, i. For all spectral components of the light used equally and no disturbing diffraction effects are generated.
    It is particularly advantageous if the lines in the installation position in the vehicle are arranged horizontally or vertically oriented in order to support the formation of suitable light distributions.
    The entirety of the light guide elements has a common border, at least for one row, which is continuously curved on at least one side oriented essentially along the axial direction and forms an intersection curve with a curved curve with the carrier layer, the axial direction being horizontal as well as vertical Direction can be oriented, depending on the installation position in the vehicle.
    Consequently, in one embodiment, both in the axial direction, mostly horizontal, and in the orthogonal direction, usually vertical, said curve can be formed, i. in a rectangular arrangement of several rows, each with a plurality of rows can be performed on four sides of the totality of the light guide elements a corresponding border.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the headlight comprises a plurality of parallel lines which generate common or even independent light images. In this case, for example, in the horizontal mounting position in the vehicle several horizontal rows of vertically stacked rows of lights that allow different light images of the headlamp by selectively switching the individual rows. The individual rows have, for example, different light guide elements at different distances in order to achieve the desired light image. Often exactly three superimposed rows are arranged. In such an arrangement, the top row may be formed as a front row row, the middle row as an asymmetry row, and the bottom row as a high beam row.
    Since especially the outer contour of the primary optics of the headlamp has an unfavorable influence on the light image, it is often sufficient if all lines of the primary optics form a common border, which is continuously curved on at least one axis oriented side and the support layer has an intersection curve forms curved curve. This step simplifies the design.
    The curve shape of the border depends on the position and dimensions of the illumination row above the projection axis of the imaging optics. The top row of illumination undergoes the strongest distortion and therefore needs to be most strongly corrected by a suitable border. The row closest to the projection axis of the imaging optics experiences the least distortion and is often so minimal that compensation can be dispensed with.
    In principle, a curved curve of each individual row of illumination makes sense in order to minimize the distortion caused by the imaging optics. If several rows are simultaneously active, as is usually the case with matrix headlights, then a respective distortion reduction is an effective means. However, since the distortion of the central rows of illumination does not appear in the edges of the entire light image, nevertheless, a curved curve in the border is often dispensed with in order to simplify the construction. In addition, the size of the unwanted distortion near the projection axis, so in the middle rows, lower. If a particular homogeneity of the light image is desired, a curve according to the invention in the case of rows of illumination lying in the middle is also sensible. It is favorable if the curve follows the reduction of the distortion of a cosine function. In the construction of the primary optics, for this purpose, the shape of a circle segment or elliptic segment can be used as a curve to achieve a similar effect. A particularly simple realization of the curve in the design phase, i. in the design of the light guide elements, is made possible because the cosine function in the small angular range of the circle segment substantially corresponds and structurally particularly easy to implement.
    In principle, a free-form curve shape of the border makes sense in order to achieve special light distributions together with imaging optics, in particular if the imaging optics have higher-order distortions. A free-form
    For example, a curve may be a free-form line such as a circular arc having a curvature increasing toward the outside from the center of a row.
    Particularly effective is the reduction of distortion when the curve is designed according to a predefined rule for the degree of distortion of an imaging optics, such as DIN ISO 9039.
    In an advantageous embodiment of the headlamp, the border forms on both sides depending on a curve and both curved curves form together a convex shape. It is favorable if at least one light source is assigned to each light guide element or the associated light entry surface.
    In principle, each row can have a different number of light elements, and the horizontal distances between the individual light elements and the geometries of the light guide elements can also be different.
    The greatest possible flexibility in the design of the headlamp is achieved when each light guide element is assigned a lighting element. However, this flexibility brings correspondingly higher costs, which is not always needed.
    The invention and its advantages are described in more detail below by way of non-limiting examples, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The drawings show in:
    1: the exploded perspective view of a vehicle headlamp according to the prior art,
    2 shows a view of a primary optics from below according to the prior art,
    3 shows a view of a primary optic from behind according to the prior art,
    4: a view of the primary optics of FIG. 3 from above,
    5 is a perspective view of the primary optics of FIGS. 3 and 4,
    6 shows a representation of the light image of a headlamp according to the prior art,
    Fig. 7: the perspective exploded view of the vehicle headlamp according to the invention
    8 shows a view of the primary optics according to the invention from behind;
    9: a view of the primary optics of FIG. 8 from above and
    10 shows an illustration of a light image which can be achieved with a headlight according to the invention.
    With reference to Fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention will now be explained in more detail. In particular, the important parts for a headlamp according to the invention are shown, it being understood that a headlamp still contains many other parts that allow a meaningful use in a motor vehicle, in particular a car or motorcycle.
    1 shows by way of example a headlight 101 according to the prior art for a vehicle with at least one light source 102, a primary optics 103 for generating a light image and an imaging optics 104, wherein by means of the imaging optics 104 the light image can be projected onto the street as a light image, represented, wherein the projection takes place in the direction of the optical axis z on the road and the lines are arranged horizontally or vertically oriented in the installed position in the vehicle.
    The primary optics 102 according to the prior art in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 has a plurality of light guide elements 105, wherein each light guide element 105 has a light entry surface 105e for coupling light from at least one light source 102, which is emitted by an LED, for example each light guide element 105 has a light exit surface 105a for coupling out light.
    The primary optics 102 comprises a plurality of light guide elements 105 which are arranged adjacent to one another or overlapping in a row in an axial direction x and form a line 107, the primary optics 103 having a multiplicity of light guide elements 105 and a carrier layer 106, wherein on a rear side 106r of the carrier layer 106, the light guide elements 105 are arranged and the primary optics 103 comprises three parallel, vertically stacked lines 107, 107a and 107b, and this arrangement forms three horizontally adjacent areas 103a, 103b and 103c.
    The light exit surfaces 105a of horizontally adjacent light guide elements 105, starting from the centrally located region 103b, have an increasing size of the exit surfaces 104a towards both ends 103a and 103c.
    The light exit surfaces 105a are usually larger than the corresponding light entry surfaces 105e of the respective light guide element 105.
    On the front side 106v of the carrier layer 106, the luminous image can be generated, in which the Petzval plane of the imaging optics 103 lies and projects the generated total luminous image in front of the vehicle as a light image.
    In principle, the shapes of the light entry surfaces 105e and light exit surfaces 105a of the light guide elements 105 are freely selectable, but usually they are round or rectangular or square. The particular shape depends on the desired application - for example as a high beam - i. the radiation characteristic of the light from the individual light guide element. Also, the longitudinal shape of the light guide element 105 has several degrees of freedom in their shape design, often a straight-funnel - or a curved course is often used.
    Fig. 6 shows the light image produced by the headlamp according to the prior art, in which in the corners top left and top right each one purple or 111b - a pillow-shaped distortion, so-called "wings" - can be seen Edge 112 of the light image has a vertical curvature 112a or 112b (also a pincushion distortion) extending from the central region 103b towards the edge 103a or 103c, which can be seen in front of the vehicle in the projected light image and forms a disturbing effect.
    In Fig. 7 is an example of an inventive headlamp 1 for a vehicle with at least one light source 2, a primary optics 3 for generating a light image and an imaging optics 4, wherein by means of the imaging optics 4, the light image is projected as a light image on the street, and the lines are arranged horizontally or vertically oriented in the installed position in the vehicle.
    The primary optics 2 according to the invention in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 has a multiplicity of light guide elements 5, each light guide element 5 having a light entry surface 5e for coupling light from at least one light source 2, which is radiated, for example, by an LED, and each light guide element 5 Has light exit surface 5a for coupling out light.
    The primary optics 2 comprises a plurality of light guide elements 5, which are arranged adjacent to one another or overlapping in a row in an axial direction y and form a row 7, wherein the primary optics 3 comprises a plurality of light guide elements 5 and a carrier layer 6, wherein on a back side 6r of the carrier layer 6, the light guide elements 5 are arranged and the primary optics 3 comprises three parallel, vertically stacked lines 7, 7a and 7b, and this arrangement forms three horizontally adjacent areas 3a, 3b and 3c.
    On the front side 6v of the carrier layer 6, the illumination image can be generated, in which the Petzval plane of the imaging optics 3 is located and projects the generated total light image as a light image in front of the vehicle.
    In addition, the entirety of the light-guiding elements 5 of the lines 7, 7a and 7b has a common border 8a, which is continuously curved on at least one side oriented essentially along the axial direction y and with the carrier layer 6 an intersection curve with a curved curve 9 or 10 formed.
    The curvature of the curves 9 and 10 preferably follows a cosine, depending on the imaging optics used, but may also be performed as a circle or ellipse segment in order to simplify the construction. Not shown here are more complex curves for the reduction of distortion, which are also conceivable if the imaging optics generates higher order distortions. The extent of the curvature can depend on the vertical distance hj or hjb of the horizontal row to the horizontal axis.
    The improved light image with the almost straight lines 11 and 12 is shown in FIG. Corners 11a, 12a, 11b and 12b are well within the desired limits and no "wing" design as compared to the prior art photograph in FIG.
    The following reference numerals are used in the following: 1.101 headlights 2.102 light source 3.103 primary optics 3a, 103a end area of the primary optics, from front right 3b, 103b middle area of the primary optic 3c, 103c end area of the primary optic, from front left 4.104 imaging optics 5.105 light guide element 5a, 105a light exit surface of a light guide element 5e, 105e Light entrance surface of a light guide element 6.106 Support layer 6r, 106r Rear side of the support layer 6v, 106v Front side of the support layer 7.107 Upper row of light guide elements 7a, 107a Middle row of light guide elements 7b, 107b Lower row of light guide elements 8.108 Common border of a row 8a, 108a Common border of all Lines 9.109 Line by contour of the upper boundary 10.110 Line by contour of the lower boundary 11.111 Line by distortion of the upper boundary of the light image 11a, 11b, purple, 111b Corner region of the upper distortion of the light image 12. 112 Line by distortion of the lower boundary of the light image 12a, 12b, 112a, 112b Corner region of the lower distortion of the light image h.7, h7b Vertical distance of the horizontal row to the horizontal axis x
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    claims
    1. headlight (1) for a vehicle, with at least one light source (2), a primary optics (3) for generating a light image and an imaging optics (4), wherein by means of the imaging optics (4) the light image is projected as a light image on the street in that the primary optic (3) has a multiplicity of light guide elements (5) and a carrier layer (6), wherein the light guide elements (5) are arranged on a rear side (6r) of the carrier layer (6), and on a front side (6v ) of the carrier layer (6) the light image can be generated, the light guide elements (5) adjacent to each other or overlapping in a row in an axial direction (y) are arranged and at least one line (7) form, each light guide element (5) a light entrance surface (5e ) for coupling light from at least one light source (2), and a light exit surface (5a) for coupling out light, characterized in that the entirety of the light guide emente (5) of the at least one row (7) has a common border (8) which is continuously curved on at least one substantially along the axial direction (y) oriented side and with the carrier layer (6) has a sectional curve with a curved curve ( 9,10) trains.
    [2]
    2. Headlight (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the headlight (1) comprises a plurality of parallel lines (7, 7a, 7b).
    [3]
    3. headlight (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rows (7, 7a, 7b) are arranged horizontally or vertically oriented in the installed position in the vehicle.
    [4]
    4. headlight (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that all the lines (7, 7 a, 7 b) form a common border (8 a) which is continuously curved on at least one in the axial direction (y) oriented side and with the carrier layer (6) an intersection curve with a curved curve (9,10) is formed.
    [5]
    5. headlight (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the curve (9,10) follows a cosine function.
    [6]
    6. headlight (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the curve (9,10) is a circle segment.
    [7]
    7. headlight (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the curve (9,10) is an elliptical segment.
    [8]
    8. headlight (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the curve (9,10) is a free-form line.
    [9]
    9. headlight (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the curve (9,10) is a free-formed line which corresponds to a circular segment with increasing curvature.
    [10]
    10. Headlight (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the curve (9,10) according to a predefined rule for the degree of distortion of the imaging optics (4), such as DIN ISO 9039, is designed.
    [11]
    11. Headlight (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the border (8, 8a) forms on two sides each have a curve (9,10) and both curved waveforms (9,10) considered together a convex Form form.
    [12]
    12. Headlight (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that each light guide element (5) or the associated light entry surface (5e) is assigned in each case at least one light source (2).
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    FR3085463A1|2018-08-31|2020-03-06|Valeo Vision|MOTOR VEHICLE LIGHT MODULE COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF LIGHT GUIDES|
    EP3847056A4|2018-09-05|2021-10-27|Flex-N-gate Advanced Product Development, LLC|Vehicle adaptable driving beam headlamp|
    DE102019102475A1|2019-01-31|2020-08-06|HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA|Lighting device for a motor vehicle, in particular high-resolution headlights|
    WO2021104626A1|2019-11-28|2021-06-03|HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA|Lighting device for a motor vehicle|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA51088/2015A|AT518090B1|2015-12-21|2015-12-21|Headlight for a vehicle|ATA51088/2015A| AT518090B1|2015-12-21|2015-12-21|Headlight for a vehicle|
    CN201680074729.0A| CN108431491B|2015-12-21|2016-12-07|Head lamp for vehicle|
    PCT/AT2016/060118| WO2017106891A1|2015-12-21|2016-12-07|Headlight for a vehicle|
    JP2018541454A| JP6594560B2|2015-12-21|2016-12-07|Floodlight for vehicle|
    ES16822368T| ES2766854T3|2015-12-21|2016-12-07|Headlight for a vehicle|
    US15/772,904| US10208912B2|2015-12-21|2016-12-07|Headlight for a vehicle|
    EP16822368.3A| EP3394504B1|2015-12-21|2016-12-07|Headlamp for a vehicle|
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